CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus 2024.CBSE Class 12 physics syllabus has been released on the official website and students can download the syllabus in PDF format. In this article, we have included all the units with mark distribution and several periods to complete the portion. We have also included the question paper design and the practical exam syllabus with marks distribution. Class 12th is the final stage of school life. CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus .CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus .CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus .CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus .

After 12th students have to go for higher studies. Physics is a very vast subject and students can take physics as their as the main subject for higher studies. Students who are preparing for the competitive exams must go through the syllabus for classes 12th and 11th. The syllabus will help the students to keep a check on the completed portion and the incompleted portion so that they can manage their time accordingly and set their study timetable.CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus .

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus

Theory:

Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between twopoint charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle and continuous charge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in uniform electric field.

Statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find field due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, electrical potential energy of a system of two-point charges and of electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

CBSE Class 12 Physics Syllabus

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics consist of nine units as mentioned in the table below.

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 70

Unit No.	Name of Unit	No. of Periods	Marks
Unit–I	Electrostatics	26	16
	Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields
	Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Unit-II	Current Electricity	18
	Chapter–3: Current Electricity
Unit-III	Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism	25	17
	Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
	Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter
Unit-IV	Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents	24
	Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction
	Chapter–7: Alternating Current
Unit–V	Electromagnetic Waves	04	18
	Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves
Unit–VI	Optics	30
	Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
	Chapter–10: Wave Optics
Unit–VII	Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter	08	12
	Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
Unit–VIII	Atoms and Nuclei	15
	Chapter–12: Atoms
	Chapter–13: Nuclei
Unit–IX	Electronic Devices	10	07
	Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices and Simple Circuits
	Total	160	70

Students can also go through the CBSE Class 12 Syllabus to know the topics to be studied for the other subjects.

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics Practical

List of Experiment for Class 12 Physics Practical: Section A

1. To determine resistivity of two / three wires by plotting a graph between potential difference versus current.
2. To find the resistance of a given wire / standard resistor using metre bridge.
3. To verify the laws of combination (series) of resistances using a metre bridge.
   OR
   To verify the laws of combination (parallel) of resistances using a metre bridge
4. To determine the resistance of a galvanometer by half-deflection method and to find its figure of merit.
5. To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into a voltmeter of desired range and to verify the same.
   OR
   To convert the given galvanometer (of known resistance and figure of merit) into an ammeter of desired range and to verify the same.
6. To find the frequency of AC mains with a sonometer.

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics Practical: Activities Assigned

1. To measure the resistance and impedance of an inductor with or without iron core.
2. To measure resistance, voltage (AC/DC), current (AC) and check continuity of a given circuit using multimeter.
3. To assemble a household circuit comprising three bulbs, three (on/off) switches, a fuse and a power source.
4. To assemble the components of a given electrical circuit.
5. To study the variation in potential drop with length of a wire for a steady current.
6. To draw the diagram of a given open circuit comprising at least a battery, resistor/rheostat, key, ammeter and voltmeter. Mark the components that are not connected in proper order and correct the circuit and also the circuit diagram.

List of Experiment for Class 12 Physics Practical: Section B

1. To find the value of v for different values of u in case of a concave mirror and to find the focal length.
2. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
3. To find the focal length of a convex lens by plotting graphs between u and v or between 1/u and 1/v.
4. To find the focal length of a convex mirror, using a convex lens.
5. To determine the angle of minimum deviation for a given prism by plotting a graph between angle of incidence and angle of deviation.
6. To determine the refractive index of a glass slab using a travelling microscope.
7. To find the refractive index of a liquid by using a convex lens and plane mirror.
8. To find the refractive index of a liquid using a concave mirror and a plane mirror.
9. To draw the I-V characteristic curve for a p-n junction in forward bias and reverse bias.

CBSE Syllabus for Class 12 Physics: Activities Assigned

1. To identify a diode, an LED, a resistor and a capacitor from a mixed collection of such items.
2. Use of multimeter to see the unidirectional flow of current in case of a diode and an LED and check whether a given electronic component (e.g., diode) is in working order.
3. To study effect of intensity of light (by varying distance of the source) on an LDR.
4. To observe refraction and lateral deviation of a beam of light incident obliquely on a glass slab.
5. To observe diffraction of light due to a thin slit.
6. To study the nature and size of the image formed by a (i) convex lens, (ii) concave mirror, on a screen by using a candle and a screen (for different distances of the candle from the lens/mirror).
7. To obtain a lens combination with the specified focal length by using two lenses from the given set of lenses.

The theory paper is 70 marks and the practical exam is 30 marks together with the CBSE class 12 exam is 100 marks. Of all the units Unit 5 which is electromagnetic waves and unit 6 which is optics carry the highest marks which are 18 out of 70. Students do not have to worry about 9 units because all the units have two maximum chapters. If the students prepare well and start with the detailed view of CBSE class 12th physics syllabus , They can score good marks. Below the given table is an expanded view of CBSE class 12th physics units with marks distribution and several periods.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 1- Unit I: Electrostatics

• Chapter–1: Electric Charges and Fields

Electric charges, Conservation of charge, Coulomb’s law-force between two point charges, forces between multiple charges; superposition principle, and continuous charge distribution.

Electric field, electric field due to a point charge, electric field lines, electric dipole, electric field due to a dipole, torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.

Electric flux is, a statement of Gauss’s theorem and its applications to find fields due to infinitely long straight wire, uniformly charged infinite plane sheet, and uniformly charged thin spherical shell (field inside and outside).

• Chapter–2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

Electric potential, potential difference, electric potential due to a point charge, a dipole and system of charges; equipotential surfaces, the electrical potential energy of a system of two point charges, and electric dipole in an electrostatic field.

Conductors and insulators, free charges, and bound charges inside a conductor. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitance, a combination of capacitors in series and parallel, capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with and without dielectric medium between the plates, energy stored in a capacitor (no derivation, formulae only).

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 2: Current Electricity

Chapter–3: Current Electricity

Electric current, the flow of electric charges in a metallic conductor, drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current; Ohm’s law, V-I characteristics (linear and non-linear), electrical energy and power, electrical resistivity and conductivity, the temperature dependence of resistance, Internal resistance of a cell, potential difference and emf of a cell, a combination of cells in series and parallel, Kirchhoff’s rules, Wheatstone bridge.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 3: Magnetic Effects of Current and Magnetism

• Chapter–4: Moving Charges and Magnetism

Concept of the magnetic field, Oersted’s experiment. Biot – Savart law and its application to current carrying circular loop. Ampere’s law and its applications to an infinitely long straight wire. Straight solenoid (only qualitative treatment), force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields.

Force on a current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field, the force between two parallel current-carrying conductors-definition of an ampere, torque experienced by a current loop in a uniform magnetic field; Current loop as a magnetic dipole and its magnetic dipole moment, moving coil galvanometers current sensitivity and conversion to ammeter and voltmeter.

• Chapter–5: Magnetism and Matter

Bar magnet, bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field intensity due to a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) along its axis and perpendicular to its axis (qualitative treatment only), torque on a magnetic dipole (bar magnet) in a uniform magnetic field (qualitative treatment only), magnetic field lines.

Magnetic properties of materials- Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances with examples, Magnetization of materials, the effect of temperature on magnetic properties.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 4: Electromagnetic Induction and Alternating Currents        

• Chapter–6: Electromagnetic Induction

Electromagnetic induction; Faraday’s laws, induced EMF and current; Lenz’s Law, Self, and mutual induction.

• Chapter–7: Alternating Current

Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage; reactance and impedance; LCR series circuit (phasors only), resonance, power in AC circuits, power factor, wattless current.

AC generator, Transformer.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 5: Electromagnetic waves  

• Chapter–8: Electromagnetic Waves

The basic idea of displacement current, Electromagnetic waves, their characteristics, their transverse nature (qualitative idea only).

Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, gamma rays) includes elementary facts about their uses.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit VI: Optics

• Chapter–9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments

Ray Optics: Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula, refraction of light, total internal reflection and optical fibers, refraction at spherical surfaces, lenses, thin lens formula, lens maker’s formula, magnification, power of a lens, a combination of thin lenses in contact, refraction of light through a prism.

Optical instruments: Microscopes and astronomical telescopes (reflecting and refracting) and their magnifying powers.

• Chapter–10: Wave Optics

Wave optics: Wavefront and Huygen’s principle, reflection, and refraction of plane wave at a plane surface using wavefronts. Proof of laws of reflection and refraction using Huygen’s principle. Interference, Young’s double-slit experiment and expression for fringe width (No derivation final expression only), coherent sources and sustained interference of light, diffraction due to a single slit, width of central maxima (qualitative treatment only).

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit VII:   Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter 08 Periods

• Chapter–11: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter

Dual nature of radiation, Photoelectric effect, Hertz and Lenard’s

observations; Einstein’s photoelectric equation-particle nature of light.

Experimental study of the photoelectric effect

Matter waves-wave nature of particles, de-Broglie relation.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 8:   Atoms and Nuclei

• Chapter–12: Atoms

Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford’s model of atom; Bohr model of the hydrogen atom, Expression for the radius of the nth possible orbit, velocity and energy of an electron in his orbit, of hydrogen line spectra (qualitative treatment only).

• Chapter–13: Nuclei

Composition and size of nucleus, nuclear force

Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon and its variation with mass number; nuclear fission, nuclear fusion.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus Unit 9: Electronic Devices             

• Chapter–14: Semiconductor Electronics: Materials, Devices, and Simple Circuits

Energy bands in conductors, semiconductors, and insulators (qualitative ideas only) Intrinsic and extrinsic semiconductors- p and n-type, p-n junction

Semiconductor diode – I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias, application of junction diode -diode as a rectifier.

Class 12 Physics Syllabus : Practicals

CBSE class 12 physics practical exams are 30 marks. These 30 marks are divided into 5 parts, two experiments, a practical record, an activity, an investigatory project, and viva voce. There are two sections of 10 experiments from which students have two complete two experiments during the exam. Store students have to submit their practical records before the exam. Below given table and the further details will tell the students about the practical exams thoroughly.

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